Installation of a 220V engine preheater

Installing a heater on a VAZ car

Content:

Winter is a challenge for any car owner. Moreover, many are annoyed not so much by the deterioration of the road situation (snow, ice), but by the difficulty of starting a cooled power plant.

Of course, those whose cars “winter” in heated garages do not have this problem, but there are relatively few of them.

Most car owners have their cars idle overnight in the open air or in a regular garage (at best).

And yet there are ways to alleviate the plight of car owners. One of the most optimal methods now is to install a heater on a VAZ or any other car.

Preheater

The problem of difficult starting of a power plant in winter is associated with several factors - the viscosity of the oil increases, the resistance in the battery increases, and it is no longer able to produce good starting currents.

As a result, when trying to start, the starter “lazy” turns the crankshaft, and the rotation speed is clearly not enough to start the engine.

And only after a couple of attempts, when the oil is mixed a little and the battery “warms up”, the engine can still be started, but this does not always happen.

Note that the chances of a successful start in cold weather are also affected by the technical condition of the power plant and the degree of its wear. Thus, the probability of owning a VAZ of the classic family (2101, 2106), produced 30-40 years ago, is significantly lower than a relatively new car. But installing a heater on a VAZ-2101 increases these chances, and significantly.

As noted, the difficulty of starting the power unit is largely due to the solidification of working fluids. But if you warm them up before starting, then the resistance that they create due to the increased viscosity will not exist, and it will be much easier for the starter to turn the crankshaft. It is precisely the preheating of the engine that is the task of the heater.

This device, in principle, is universal, so you can easily install a preheater on a VAZ, UAZ or any other make of car.

Types, features of work

There are several options for such equipment, but in essence such a device is a conventional electric heating element that provides heating of one of the fluids of the power unit.

There are several types of heaters. Some of them heat antifreeze, others heat oil. In the case of coolant, by acting on antifreeze, it is possible to heat the cylinder block, as well as the elements of the power system, which is important for ensuring normal mixture formation.

 But such a device has disadvantages:

• it takes more time to warm up the engine, since the cooling system is just a shell of the cylinder block;
• the oil heats up slightly, since it is located below the cooling jacket in the sump, so heat will flow to it only after the cylinder block has been well warmed up;

But when using such a device, there is practically no need to warm up the engine after starting, since it is already heated, and warm air is immediately supplied from the stove to the cabin.

As for heaters that act on oil, such a device only heats the lubricant; the cylinder block and power system remain cold.

Since the volume of oil is small and it is all in one place, it takes little time to warm up. But due to the fact that only the lubricant heats up, after starting it will take time to warm up the motor itself.

In general, the effectiveness of using one or another device is approximately the same.

When heating the antifreeze, we get a heated cylinder block and power system, which ensures good mixture formation (the result is excellent flammability of the mixture), but cold oil (the load on the battery and starter will remain high). If you heat the oil, then everything is exactly the opposite - the starter will turn easily, but the unit itself and the power system will remain cold.

Heaters also differ according to the power source used:

• From the network 220 V;
• From the on-board network 12 V (autonomous);

The first option is characterized by high power, and therefore the speed of heating of the working fluid. But to use it, the car must be close to the outlet.

As for autonomous devices, the heating element is powered by a battery, which means you can warm up the liquid anywhere, even in the field. But they are not very powerful, and during operation they drain the battery, and if it is already on the verge of exhausting its life or is simply discharged, then there will simply be no energy left for the starter after warming up.

Antifreeze heaters operating from a 220 V network have become widespread among car owners. In general, this is one of the most optimal options - the battery does not run out, the power of the heating element is high, and after using it, the driver also receives hot air from the stove.

Now manufacturers of automotive accessories and equipment offer different models of preheaters. All of them are almost identical in operating principle, but may differ in design - some consist only of a heating element, while others may additionally have a circulation pump.

The first option is simpler in design, and therefore more reliable. The circulation of liquid in it occurs due to temperature differences. Since the speed of fluid movement in such a device is low, less energy is required to heat the antifreeze passing through the heater.

In a pre-heater with a pump, the heating of the power plant is more uniform due to forced circulation, but in order to heat the liquid well, the power of the heating element must be high. In addition, due to the pump, the likelihood of equipment failure is higher.

Installation of equipment on a car

Installing a heater on a VAZ-2106 or any other model does not require any modifications to the power unit. Such equipment is external, and all that is needed is to correctly insert it into the power system.

The heater kit consists of:

• Block with heater;
• Fastening elements;
• Adapters, tees and clamps for insertion into the cooling system;
• Cable with plug.

Additionally, for installation you will also need sections of pipelines of the required length to make an insert.

There are several installation schemes for such a device, the simplest of which is shown below.

To ensure uniform heating, antifreeze must be supplied to the device from the lowest point of the engine, which is the drain plug of the cylinder block. But the exit of the already heated liquid is the opposite - to the top point.

 To connect the equipment to the VAZ-2106 engine, you must:

1. Install the fitting from the kit into the engine block and connect it with a pipeline to the input terminal on the heater block;
2. Insert the tee from the kit into the upper pipeline of the cooling system coming from the radiator. Connect a pipeline leading to the output from the heater block to this tee;
3. Attach the block with the heating element to the engine or subframe;
4. Route the cable to ensure easy access to the plug.

When installing a heater, it is not even necessary to drain the antifreeze from the system. If you pre-assemble the heater (connect the pipelines to the block, tee and fitting) and quickly carry out installation work, then during operation 1-1.5 liters of coolant will leak out, which will then have to be replenished.

After installation, be sure to check all connections for leaks and, if necessary, fix them by tightening the clamps.

Installing the heater on a VAZ-2107 injector does not differ from that described above.

Security measures

Finally, a little about the safety rules when using such a preheater:

• Do not leave the equipment turned on for a long period of time. For normal warming up of the engine, 1-1.5 hours is enough;
• If an extension cord is used for connection, its wires must have a cross-section appropriate for the load;
• If the equipment is used on a car parked on the street, you need to mark or fence off the area through which the power cable runs.

For ease of use of the device, it should be connected to a power outlet through an adapter with a timer, on which you can set the time for turning the heater on and off.

Related articles:

Video - installing an engine heater

Source: http://remont-avtovaz.ru/ustanovka-podogrevatelya-na-avtomobil-vaz/

Engine preheater 220V with pump

1514 views

Drivers living in central Russia and to the north will be interested and relevant in additional devices for warming up the car before directly starting the engine. Attempting to start a car at a temperature of -10°C can be very difficult, and if it is even lower, it can be extremely problematic.

In this case, a 220V engine preheater with a pump will be a good helper. This is a modern device that completely replaces the “old-fashioned” method of warming up using a soldering iron lamp and eliminates increased wear of the motor.

Not everyone knows that just starting a car in severe frosts is equivalent to driving 70-100 km.

What is the device for?

Previously, drivers resorted to extreme methods of warming up cars and trucks. To do this, they used open fire sources, electric stoves and other devices that emitted even the slightest heat. But these methods were not only ineffective, but also unsafe.

Over time, engineers have developed new electrical devices designed specifically for preliminary preparation of the engine for starting - 220V engine pre-heaters with a pump. This device is mounted in the engine cooling system. It carries out forced circulation of the coolant in the form of heated antifreeze, which significantly reduces the warm-up time.

Pre-heater operation diagram

Let us remind you that the leading places in the rating of heaters are occupied by variations that include a pump. The fact is that devices with natural circulation warm up the car much longer - from 40 minutes, while devices with a pump require from 20 minutes at average temperature weather conditions.

The engine preheater with a pump operates on a voltage of 220 volts. Most drivers consider this nuance to be a disadvantage, since it is difficult to find a parking space where it is possible to connect to the electrical network.

But the main advantage of the device is that it has a simple installation scheme, so even an inexperienced user will not have any difficulties with the task of installing an engine pre-heater.

But if the car owner is not confident in his capabilities, it is better to use the services of a specialist.

Connection diagram

A heating element and a pumping system are installed in the 220V engine preheater. These are the two main parts in an electric heater.

There are two types of devices:

• electromagnetic;
• electronic.

The housing of the pre-heater with a pump has 2 outlets for installation to the cooling system of the 220 engine. High-quality sealing of all joints is ensured by a set of gaskets and clamps. This eliminates the possibility of any coolant leaks.

VIDEO: LUNFEY - engine pre-heater from 220V

Principle of operation

In the car market you can find various modifications of foreign or domestic manufacturers. But despite this, the design of the devices has virtually no technical differences. All variations of the electric engine preheater for diesel or gasoline operate according to the same principle:

• the power cord is connected to the socket;
• the heating element receives electricity and turns on, and the pump starts at the same time;
• the coolant circulating through the pipes receives thermal energy and heats up;
• The coolant passes through the engine hoses and head, thereby warming it up.

The main feature of modern engine preheaters is that there is no need for installation in the lowest area of ​​antifreeze passage. The device is connected to the mains using a cable with a traditional household plug. After warming up, the wire is folded into the engine compartment.

After turning on and starting circulation of the heated antifreeze, part of the heat is transferred to the interior

Most models are equipped with a thermostat. Thanks to this element, the temperature of the antifreeze is controlled and it does not boil during heating. When the temperature reaches 60°C, the thermal switch sends a signal to stop the operation of the equipment and it turns off until the temperature drops, after which it restores the maximum operating mode.

Installation recommendations

The connection diagram for an electric preheater is quite simple; the main thing is to study the design of the equipment in detail and follow the recommendations of specialists. Also, the installation principle depends on the type of cooling system. On some car modifications there is no need to drain the antifreeze.

Installation diagram of PPPD 220V

1. It is necessary to fix the drive pipe in the required place with clamps, while cutting out a segment whose dimensions correspond to the dimensions of the device body.
2. The ends of the hoses are put on the “outputs” of the heater and the joint is carefully secured with clamps.
3. Next, the connected system is inspected and checked for leaks. After these manipulations, the unit is considered completely ready for use.

In rare cases, difficulties arise with the process of cutting into the cooling system. The issue can be resolved by purchasing additional clamps and a special pipe of the required size.

Pay special attention to the safety of operating the engine preheater. The source of the electrical network must be equipped with high-quality grounding.

It is not possible to create such conditions in an open parking lot or in the yard. In this case, experts advise installing emergency shutdown parts.

This method will avoid the possibility of an engine fire or electric shock to a person.

It is equally important to create a reliable mount for the device on the car body or cylinder block.

What does the market offer?

Among foreign manufacturers, users highlight devices from the Defa and Calix brands. The cost of a device with minimal configuration and the lowest power varies from 7,000 rubles.

Components included in the Defa system

The device can be supplemented with a control system in the form of a timer, remote control, a device for regulating operation using a mobile phone, etc. A fully equipped device will cost the consumer more than 30,000 rubles. excluding installation.

Sibir-M

Devices from domestic manufacturers such as Sibir-M, Alliance, Strat have a lower cost with identical technical characteristics. But here it is important to take into account that in most cases they involve working in cars such as VAZ, UAZ, GAZ. Therefore, before purchasing a pre-heater, you should first of all clarify what brand of car it is suitable for.

VIDEO: Flexible heating plates for engine preheating 220V, 12V and 24V HIGH

Source: http://www.PortalTepla.ru/obogrev-avto/predpuskovoi-podogrevatel-dvigatelja-220v-s-pompoi/

Installation of a 220V engine preheater

How nice it is to get into a warm car and immediately start driving.

The electric engine heater was invented back in 1949; it was a heating element built directly into the cylinder block.

  Later, many cars from the factory began to be equipped with this option. We will implement pre-heating ourselves; we will consider installing a flow-through heater on a car.

Principle of operation

Due to the temperature difference, circulation is created in the cooling system, so the circuit is evenly heated.

Modern devices are equipped with a pump, thermostat and valve that directs the flow of coolant correctly.

If the heater does not contain a pump, then it should be installed at the lowest point of the cooling system. Installation is carried out taking into account the specifics of the cooling system of a particular vehicle.

By design, heaters are available in horizontal and vertical versions. Vertical ones are designed for cars with a dense engine compartment layout, while horizontal ones are considered safer because they prevent coolant from getting into the electrical part.

Comparison of budget models of coolant heaters

Manufacturer	voltage, V	Power, W	Price, ₽
KS-AUTO, PH-1500	220	1500	2700
Lestar, Lestar-0.8	220	800	1900
Severs-M , Severs-1.0	220	1000	1900
Longfei, Little Dragon	220	2000	2600

Installation of Longfei pump heater

• According to the manufacturer's recommendation, the heater is installed from the block to the stove, in the direction of coolant circulation. If the heater is placed in the cut of the supply hose, then the car interior heats up faster; if it is placed in the cut of the return hose, it heats the engine block first.
• You can determine the supply hose on a warm car with the heater turned on to maximum; it will be noticeably hotter than the return one.
• The direction of fluid movement through the heater is marked with an arrow on the body.

Difficulties may arise when connecting hoses and fittings of different diameters; fortunately, auto parts stores have many inexpensive adapters. Do not bend the hoses or lift them above the cooling circuit to avoid air locks.

You might be interested in

Source: https://sdelairukami.ru/podogrev-dvigatelya-220v/

Engine heating system START-M

"Start-M" is intended for pre-start heating and heating of engines of passenger cars of domestic and foreign production during the winter period of operation, as well as medium-duty trucks of the GAZ and ZIL brands.

Operating principle of the electric heater:

The coolant (antifreeze, antifreeze) is heated by a heating element in the heater housing. Due to the lower density, the heated liquid begins to circulate directionally and enter the engine cooling jacket. The place of the heated liquid is taken by a colder one.

This establishes natural thermosyphon circulation of the coolant. A ball valve built into the inlet fitting prevents the release of heated liquid into the inlet hose when the pressure in the electric heater housing increases.

The thermostat automatically maintains the coolant temperature within specified limits, and the emergency thermal switch prevents failure of the heater if there is no coolant in it (double degree of protection). Engine warm-up time is from 40-60 minutes to 1.5 hours.

, depends on climatic conditions (temperature, wind), as well as on the parking conditions of the car (open parking, garage).

Installation and Maintenance:

The electric heater is built into the engine cooling system of foreign and domestic cars (external installation method). The electric heater should be located as low as possible in the engine compartment of the car. If possible, the inlet pipe should be located below the drain hole (plug) in the cylinder block.

When laying the hoses, it is necessary to ensure constant slopes, avoiding the formation of kinks and humps. It is necessary to monitor the health of the cooling system and maintain the required level of coolant in the system.

The “Start-M” heater is horizontal and is installed with the outlet pipe upward, while a slight (no more than 15 degrees) tilt is allowed. If you encounter difficulties during self-installation, contact a car service station.

Due to their simple design, electric heaters do not require frequent maintenance: It is necessary to clean the outside of the heater at least once a season from dirt and oil. Check the condition of the rubber hoses and, if necessary, tighten the clamps.

It is recommended to remove it once a year before the onset of cold weather and wash the internal cavity with hot water and a cleaning solution.

Technical data of the electric heater:

Type of current – ​​AC, frequency 50 Hz Rated voltage – 220 V Protection class against electric shock – I Degree of protection – IP 34 Weight no more than – 0.785 kg Overall dimensions – 170×84×104 mm Package weight – 1.8 kg Overall packaging dimensions – 255×225 ×95 mm Power consumption – 1.5; 2 kW Temperature of operation (switching off) of the thermostat – 85 °С Temperature of return (switching on) of the thermostat – 65 °С

Temperature of operation (shutdown) of the emergency thermostat – 125 °C

Installation recommendations:

Source: http://xn--80aylcfc.xn--p1ai/start-m.html

Installation of a 220V engine preheater

The main problem that drivers face in the winter is difficulty starting the car engine. In order to solve this problem, many craftsmen advise installing special devices - engine pre-heaters.

They not only allow you to start a car engine in any weather, but also significantly reduce the amount of exhaust gases emitted into the atmosphere.

Some heater models allow you to save fuel, while reducing friction between parts and reducing wear on the power unit.

Types of pre-heaters

The operating principle of the heater is based on the process of heating antifreeze in the engine cooling system, which makes it easier to start at low ambient temperatures. It is not recommended to install such equipment if the car is constantly located in a warm garage.

Preheaters can be divided into two main categories depending on the power source and version:

• Electrical. Powered by an external power source. They are characterized by low cost, simple design and operate from a regular 220 V outlet.
• Autonomous. The design of such devices is more complex compared to electric models, and the cost is much higher. Fuel is used as a power source.

Electric engine heaters

The design of the electric heater is quite simple and includes a tungsten spiral located in the cylinder block. Such a device is connected to a regular outlet, which allows you to heat the coil itself and the coolant.

The functionality of an electric heater may vary depending on the model and cost and may include:

• Fan;
• A device designed to charge a battery;
• Remote control;
• Timer.

The main disadvantages of such models include high energy consumption.

Autonomous heaters

The operating principle of autonomous models is based on the natural circulation of liquid. Compared to electrical devices, autonomous ones are more convenient, since they do not tie the car to an outlet.

The first such devices appeared in the northern countries, including Scandinavia. Over time, they began to be installed on Russian cars. The main task of such equipment is to maintain a constant antifreeze temperature within 20 degrees Celsius.

The operating principle of the autonomous device is simple:

• A fuel-air mixture enters the combustion chamber of the device, ignited by the spark plug;
• Antifreeze circulates inside the walls of the combustion chamber;
• Antifreeze is heated to the desired temperature as a result of fuel combustion;
• The heated antifreeze is pumped into the engine cooling system.

The advantage of this heater model is that it virtually instantly heats the car interior and completely defrosts the windows. You can install such a device in any accessible place under the hood.

The functionality of an autonomous heater is very wide and includes:

• Remote control;
• Timer with thermostat;
• Possibility of connecting the system to a mobile phone.

How to choose an engine heater

Before purchasing such equipment, it is advisable to decide which model is most suitable.

For example, an autonomous heater with an electric heat accumulator can retain heat for two to three days. However, if the car spends more time in the cold, the device will be useless.

An electric heater is inexpensive, but it is absolutely useless if there is no outlet nearby.

You will have to pay a good amount of money for a diesel or gasoline autonomous heater, but it will allow you to start the car at any time and anywhere. Then it’s worth deciding who will install the equipment: will the work be carried out independently or will it be done by a specialist in a car service center.

It is worth noting right away that fuel-powered heaters require serious intervention in the vehicle’s fuel system during installation. The slightest mistake when carrying out such work can cause excessive fuel consumption, incorrect engine operation or fire. It is better to entrust the heater installation process to trained specialists.

After determining the specific type of heater, you can select a model. High quality equipment is always accompanied by certificates of conformity, which are issued by the agency for technical regulation and metrology. In fact, heaters are not necessarily certified, but large companies try not to neglect such documentation.

Heater equipment

The standard equipment of the preheater includes bolts and special brackets. The special intermediate sleeve included in the kit allows you to securely secure the device. At the top of the device itself there are two bolts and two nuts with which it is secured.

They come complete with washers – both regular and engraving. Using fittings, a tee is connected to the engine cooling system. As a rule, the fitting is marked: in the case of a heater with a voltage of 220V, the inscription should be 14K. Clamps are used to protect the device from damage.

  They are made in most cases from ordinary nylon.

Electric heater power

The power of the engine heater largely depends on its maximum frequency. In most models, this parameter is 50 Hz, but it may vary depending on the design and modification.

The size of the piston is also taken into account, which determines the speed at which the fluid flow will circulate. The speed at which the temperature rises directly depends on the power of the heater. On average, the antifreeze in the engine warms up to a temperature of 60 degrees in 3 minutes.

Much also depends on the location of the heater - it must be securely fastened and not blown out.

Self-installation of an electric heater

The installation process of the pre-heater may vary depending on its modification. It is worth remembering that the device must be connected to a single-phase network with a grounded contact. This is done using a circuit breaker on which current protection is installed.

In addition, many experts advise installing a special shutdown system simultaneously with the installation of the heater: it will not only facilitate the process of installing the heater, but will also minimize the risk of electric shock.

Before installing the heater, a thorough inspection of the engine cooling system is carried out.

Almost all models of engine heaters, with the exception of those operating on the principle of natural circulation of liquid, are connected to the lower, or return, pipe of the stove.

Connecting such a device to the upper hose is risky - this can not only reduce its efficiency, but also negatively affect the operation of the engine.

The reason for this is the low level of antifreeze in the cylinder head.

A mount is prepared for the device, with which it will be fixed. It is advisable that the heater is not adjacent to other components of the car - this will keep its body intact when driving on uneven roads.

Electrical wires must be tied into a bundle and carefully attached to the body and engine using special clamps - you can purchase them at any car store. This method of distributing the wiring will avoid its breakage or chafing.

A separate fuel wire is laid to the car’s fuel tank, through which the heater itself will be powered.

Thanks to this, it will be possible not to make serious interventions in the fuel system of the car and ensure the operation of the equipment in the event that the fuel pump located in the tank does not function.

Pre-heater installation process:

1. The car is lifted onto a pit or a lift, after which a thorough inspection of the engine compartment is carried out. It is advisable to find in advance the place where the heating will be located. The device is placed in the selected area without connection. All wires, fuel wires and hoses must not come into contact with other components and parts of the car.

2. The thermostat is checked and, if necessary, replaced. If you leave a faulty thermostat, the heated antifreeze will circulate in the outer circle, and not in the inner one, which will significantly reduce the efficiency of the heater.

   When installing an autonomous model, the fuel wire system is initially laid. It is advisable to lay it in such a way that it is not subject to shaking or damage while driving on uneven roads.

   The connection between the device system and the vehicle’s fuel tank must be completely sealed.

3. All coolant is drained. If it is impossible to place the heater close to the lower hose of the stove, then take a separate hose of the same diameter, after which the clamps are unscrewed from the stove hose and it is removed.

4. Sections of hoses of suitable length are connected from the engine to the heater and from the device to the stove, after which they are fixed with new clamps.

5. All wires are laid and connected in the engine compartment.

   New antifreeze or antifreeze is poured into the car's cooling system, taking into account the increase in the volume of the entire system, after which the engine is started and the absence of leaks is checked.

   Only then can the fuel line of the heater be connected. If no fuel leaks are found within 15-20 minutes from the moment power is supplied to the pump, then the equipment installation procedure was successful.

Main advantages of 220V heaters

The main advantages of 220V heaters are their reliability and low cost, as well as simplicity and ease of installation. Connecting it to the system is much simpler compared to similar devices, the operation of which is tied to the vehicle’s on-board network.

In addition, such equipment can not only warm up the engine, but also warm up the interior, while simultaneously charging the battery, while other models, on the contrary, consume battery energy. Installing such a heater in a car allows you to completely warm up the interior and engine in a short time, without wasting your nerves on starting the engine.

The heater, moreover, significantly extends the service life of not only the power unit itself, but also other components of the machine.

Many modifications of the device have wide functionality, which includes heating the interior, blowing windows and maintaining a battery charge.

Source: https://www.termonc.ru/information/ustanovka-predpuskovogo-podogrevatelya-dvigatelya-220v

Installation of a 220V engine preheater

The most inexpensive type of engine preheater is electric, built into the cylinder block or placed next to it. Essentially, this is a modified electric boiler. Its main task is not to bring the liquid to a boil, but to heat it to such a state that the engine can start soon in winter.

The first view is clear: the power of the devices is only 400-750 W. Their purpose is to maintain a certain temperature regime specifically in the cylinder block. Apart from the wire and heating element leading to a 220 Volt outlet, there are no additional sensors, other devices or pipes here.

Video - independent installation of an electric engine preheater at 220 Volts:

A “boiler” with a wire isn’t enough for you? Then it will not be superfluous to purchase a regular timer, if accuracy down to every second is so important to you.

The most recognizable Russian heaters of a similar type are “Besprizornik” (from 1,200 rubles), “Start-mini” (from 950 rubles). The mentioned devices are mostly intended for cars of domestic brands, but are there any obstacles for domestic craftsmen?

It is fair to note that domestic motorists still consider a car primarily a luxury, on which they already spend too much money.

People are somehow not ready to “pamper” their own metal horses with expensive heaters, and therefore the popularity of models whose price does not exceed 2,000 rubles .

The same cohort includes models with the names “Lestar”, “Start M1”, “Start M2”, “Sibir-M”, “Alliance”.

Video - installation of an electric pre-heater for the Start-M engine in a VW Passat B3:

Recently , units of a similar type have begun to be improved, equipped not only with timers, but also with an emergency switch, which, if overheated, stops the supply of electricity. The downside of such structures is that they have become more difficult to install in the space around the engine.

Another point that makes the use of similar devices not too pleasant is the need to open the hood lid every time in order to stretch the wire from the device to the outlet. Indeed, at the moment the connector has already begun to be brought out under the bumper, which has significantly facilitated operation.

Video - 12 volt engine preheater (24V, 220V) in the form of elastic heating plates:

More “advanced” pre-heaters are independent, adapted to power supply from the vehicle network and designed for a voltage of 12 Volts. Along with a lot of advantages, such devices also have very significant disadvantages:

• the presence of internal devices that are subject to wear and require replacement;
• the formation of plaque in combustion chambers and pipes due to insufficient fuel cleaning;
• installation requiring certain skills;
• huge price.

It is precisely the last point that is the main reason why the purchase of pre-start independent heaters is always postponed until “later”. Since not everyone will be able to freely shell out an average of 30,000 to 90,000 rubles for a device, even if its usefulness is beyond doubt.

Those who have installed a Binar engine preheater on their own car leave very different reviews, but among them there are quite a lot of good ones.

On some models of new crossovers, pre-heaters are installed in basic configurations.

How to start a car in winter - http://voditeliauto.ru/sovety-voditelej/kak-zavesti-mashinu-v-moroz.html

Video - what specific nuances are there when using an electric pre-heater for a 220V engine:

Required reading:

Engine HEATING 220V easy starting in any cold, principle of operation, installation on VAZ 2108,2109,21

Articles on exactly the topics you are interested in:

Source: http://iru-cis.ru/ustanovka-predpuskovogo-podogrevatelja-dvigatelja/

Engine preheater for cars

A pre-heater makes life much easier for many motorists who operate cars in cold winter conditions. In the Far North it is difficult to do without such a device - starting the engine in cold weather of -40 or -50ºC is very problematic, so in many cases a heater is simply necessary.

In Soviet times, various devices to facilitate starting a cold engine were used in military equipment and heavy vehicles, but most often motorists acted the old fashioned way, and for many drivers the morning began with a bucket of hot water. Since antifreeze was rarely used then, the cooling radiator was filled with water, and after a winter flight, the coolant was drained from the system.

Operating principle of the pre-heater

Now almost no one uses water; antifreeze or antifreeze is poured into the cooling system.

Many modern cars start quickly even in cold weather, but if the battery is weak or the ambient temperature is very low, the internal combustion engine (ICE) may not start.

Preheaters are used to start the engine, and they come in different types.

Almost all pre-heating devices operate on the same principle:

• heating elements crash into the cooling system;
• Due to the heating boiler, the coolant is heated;
• The antifreeze is driven through the cooling system by a special pump - the engine warms up, and at the same time the car interior becomes warmer.

In a cold engine, the gaps between the rubbing parts are reduced, and friction reduces the service life of the engine. Therefore, the heater not only makes it easier to start a cold internal combustion engine, it also protects the parts of the power unit from premature wear. In addition, the starter operates in a more gentle mode with the heating system, which means it can last longer.

Modern devices can even work under the control of a cell phone; on many cars, the pre-heater is turned on by a timer on the instrument panel. Some cars are equipped with heaters from the factory.

Types of preheaters

Systems for warming up the coolant in cars can be of various types:

• autonomous, running on automobile fuel (petrol, gas, diesel);
• electric, powered from a 220 volt network.

There are also “thermos” type battery pre-heaters, they work on the principle of heat accumulation - a “thermos” is built into the cooling system of the car. But such devices are used quite rarely, and although they are very economical, they have significant disadvantages:

• a bulky “thermos” takes up a lot of space;
• The installation of the system itself is quite complicated.

Pre-heater 220V

Electric heating devices are among the simplest and most inexpensive, but their main drawback is that they are connected to a 220-volt network.

At its core, an electric heater is in many ways similar to an ordinary boiler; it can heat the engine to 90 degrees in 30 minutes.

This type of heater has become widespread in Europe; for example, in Sweden or Finland, special 220-volt sockets are provided in car parks.

In Russia, such a service is not developed; electric heaters are mainly used in private garages.

Pre-starting electric heaters can vary in design and degree of complexity. If the device is not equipped with a timer, then leaving it unattended is dangerous - you can not only overheat the engine, but also start a fire. All electric heaters are divided into types:

• remote (external);
• built into the cylinder block.

Pre-heaters built into the cylinder block

The structure of a “block” electric heater is very simple - it consists of a heating element, an electric wire and a plug. As a rule, such devices are low-power and, depending on the model, can consume an average of 400 to 800 watts. Advantages of a heater built into the cylinder block:

• warming comes from the engine itself, it occurs evenly;
• for its installation, hoses, fasteners and additional elements are not required - the design is simple, practically nothing can break here;
• Due to the low power, it is almost impossible to overheat the internal combustion engine, so such a device can be left unattended for a long time, for example, at night.

But electorate heaters with a timer are still more convenient - they are more economical, since when the engine is sufficiently warmed up, they are disconnected from the power supply.

Remote pre-heaters

Outdoor electric heaters are more common in Russia than “block” heaters. Here the device is inserted into the circuit using additional hoses; the heating element itself is more powerful: average electricity consumption is from 1 to 2 kilowatts; for trucks, 3 kW heaters are usually used.

Remote electric heaters are more complex in design; such devices additionally include:

• set of additional hoses;
• adapters;
• thermostat;
• various fastenings.

The pre-start electric heater can be either Russian or imported; there are systems with natural and forced circulation of coolant. There are also heaters with a bumper connector; they are very convenient to use, since when connecting the device there is no need to open the hood of the car.

Autonomous pre-heaters

Autonomous heaters operate on diesel, gasoline and gas fuel and have their own advantages:

• To start the engine, a 220 volt household electrical network is not required;
• the heater runs on the same fuel as the engine itself;
• From such a system, heat is supplied not only to the engine, but also to the vehicle interior.

But “autonomy” has its disadvantages:

• fuel consumption increases;
• installation of an autonomous heating device must be done very well; inaccuracy can lead to a car fire;
• the price of stand-alone systems is usually higher.

Diesel preheater

For diesel cars, the presence of a preheater is of great importance, since in the cold it is much more difficult to start a diesel engine than a gasoline engine. The use of a heater on cars with a diesel engine provides the following advantages:

• saves money on expensive additives and additives that are necessary for reliable starting of a cold engine in winter;
• Fuel consumption is reduced, since very long warm-up of the internal combustion engine is no longer necessary;
• The car is guaranteed to start in any weather, even at temperatures below -30ºC.

For diesel engines, both electric (220 volts) and autonomous pre-heater are used.

Pre-heater with pump

Heating pre-starting devices for an engine with a pump (pump) are remote electric heaters operating from a 220-volt power supply. Unlike simple electric heaters, devices with a pump are more efficient, since the heated coolant circulates in the system forcibly, heating occurs faster and more evenly.

Pump heaters are produced both in Russia and abroad; among Russian models the following are known:

• Start-TURBO of the TyumenAvtoDetal company;
• "Severs+" from the Leader plant;
• "Atlant" made in Tyumen.

Among foreign devices, the most popular products are those of the following companies:

• "Longfei" (China);
• OWL (Germany);
• Defa (Norway);
• Calix (Sweden).

Electric heaters with a pump can have a power from 0.7 to 3 kW; for a car, the power is calculated depending on the volume of coolant in the car’s cooling system.

Pre-heater "Binar"

The manufacturer of pre-starting autonomous heaters under the Binar brand is the Samara holding company "Advers", the heating devices are designed to work with diesel and gasoline engines.

After turning on the heater, the fuel pump of the heating system supplies fuel to the glow plug of the device, where the air-fuel mixture is ignited, and the resulting heat heats up the coolant.

With the help of a bleeder pump, coolant circulates, and according to this scheme, the engine and interior of the car are heated.

As soon as the temperature reaches the desired value, the interior heater motor turns on and the interior of the car warms up.

The “Binar-5B” pre-heater model is suitable for passenger cars and commercial gasoline vehicles with an on-board voltage of 12 volts, “Binar-5D” is designed to work with diesel engines and is available in two versions - for a network with a voltage of 12 and 24 volts, its power is 15 kW .

Preheater 14TS-10

Manufacturers of the liquid pre-heater 14TS-10 are the companies "Teplostar" and "Advers", the pre-start device operates on diesel fuel. Model 14TS-10 is designed for two modes - economical and pre-start, and is installed on trucks, buses and special equipment with a 24-volt network voltage.

Model 14TS-10 is equipped with a control unit that controls the coolant temperature. According to the pre-start program, the antifreeze heats up to +70ºC, and then switches from maximum mode to moderate mode. The control unit can maintain a constant temperature, and if the coolant cools below +55ºC, the pre-heater turns on again in “full” mode.

KAMAZ pre-heater

A starting heating device for KAMAZ is necessary, and in cold winter conditions it is impossible to do without it. The thing is that at air temperatures below -15 ºC, diesel fuel and motor oil become viscous and thick, and it is extremely difficult to start the engine.

Depending on the configuration, the pre-starting liquid heater on KAMAZ can be installed as standard; in early production trucks were equipped with a “heater” of the PZD-30 model. Modern trucks often use models of type 15.8106, and 14TS-10 heaters are also often used.

Installation of pre-heater

The easiest way to install a “block” electric heater is usually the device is mounted directly on the engine block using a spacer bar. Installation is done as follows:

• antifreeze is drained from the radiator and cylinder block;
• the plug on the BC is knocked out;
• an electric heater is installed in place of the plug - the device is secured using a special spacer bar included in the heater kit and secured with a nut;
• coolant is added.

External electric heaters are more popular, in particular, many car owners install the inexpensive and reliable Severs-M (using the example of Mitsubishi Space Gear):

• antifreeze drains;
• the device body is mounted on the body side member (to the left of the gearbox) using the fasteners included in the heater kit (placed horizontally, with the outlet hole up);
• the rear stove pipe (coming from the thermostat housing) is cut and a tee is installed in it;
• a tee connects the stove and the inlet fitting of the heater, using the pipe from the kit;
• the hose going from the block head to the expansion tank is cut, using the second tee and the pipe from the kit, the outlet fitting of the heater is connected;
• The clamps are tightened on the pipes, and antifreeze is poured into the cooling system.

Installing autonomous pre-heaters is more difficult - you additionally have to install a boiler, connect the device’s fuel pump to the fuel system and supply power to it. Typically, the installation of autonomous systems is carried out in specialized car services, since the work requires certain skills.

Source: https://avtobrands.ru/predpuskovoj-podogrevatel-dvigatelya/