Types and designation of car lamp sockets

Bases and types of automobile lamps: how to distinguish by markings?

With the development of the automobile industry, lighting technology also developed. The first cars were equipped with kerosene lanterns, but safety standards required increasing the brightness and focusing of the light. As a result, a large number of lighting devices of different power and purposes appeared. To prevent incorrect installation, car lamp sockets have different shapes.

Concept and function of the base

Classification of bases by type and purpose

The first electrical light sources were connected to wiring using screw connections. This method of fixation was inconvenient and made it difficult to replace a failed element.

A breakthrough in the field of lighting devices was the development of Thomas Edison. In 1880, he presented his invention - an incandescent lamp with a threaded base.

Subsequently, many options for incompatible bases appeared.

The main task of the socket and base is to insulate the conductors and ensure reliable fixation of the light source, and when used outdoors, seal the headlight or lampshade. The materials from which they are made must withstand heat from the light source and not deform, and the contacts must match the current strength and provide a reliable connection.

The design of the car implies the presence of various light sources. Each of them has specific requirements for brightness, power and direction of the light beam. Due to the fact that externally identical lamps can have different characteristics, standardized designations have been developed.

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Explanation of markings by family

In the CIS, you can find 3 main standards that define the types of car lamp bases: domestic (GOST 2023.1-88 and GOST 17100-79), European (IEC-EN 60061-1) and American (ANSI).

ANSI and IEC are compatible standards and have the same designations for automotive lighting products. What distinguishes them is that products manufactured for American consumers are subject to less stringent requirements for the formation of a light beam. Such auto lamps are limited in terms of maximum power, because... There is a risk of blinding oncoming vehicles.

European

The most common is European standardization. These symbols determine the type of lamp for which standard sockets exist:

T (T4W) - mini lamp;
W at the beginning (W5W) - baseless auto lamp;
W after the number at the end (P21/5W, W3W) - lamp power in W.
H (H1, H4, H6W) - halogen lamp;
C (C5W) - soffit type lamp, sometimes this symbol is not indicated (10W);
Y (PY21W) - the bulb of such lamps is orange;
R (R5W) - with a 19 mm bulb;
P (P21W) - with a 26.5 mm bulb.

For auto lamps with the designations R and P, the base diameter is 15 mm.

R2 (P45T) were used in the 50-70s. for headlights. They are not used now. When replacing lamps on old cars, special adapters are used that allow the use of car lamps of existing standards (P43T).

Domestic

GOST 2023.1-88 was developed during the Soviet Union. His classification of automobile lamps is based on European standards, but has a less familiar form:

A (A 12-21-3) - automobile;
MN (AMN 24-3) - miniature;
C (AS 24-5-1) - soffit;
KG (AKG 12-45+40) - quartz halogen.

The number after the letters indicates the rated voltage, and the number after the dash indicates the power in W. The presence of the “+” sign indicates the presence of 2 filament bodies (near/far), and the number indicates its power. After the second dash, the distinctive feature of the car lamp is indicated. According to GOST, lamps are divided into categories, the base of which is compatible with European analogues.

Example notation:

AKG 12-55+45-1 (H3) is an automotive quartz halogen incandescent lamp of category H3 with a rated voltage of 55 W for the first filament and 45 W for the second, different from the base model. Like European H3 type car lamps, it has a PK22s socket and is interchangeable.

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Designation of lamps and their type

It is more difficult to navigate domestic markings of light sources, because they do not contain information about the category to which car lamps belong, and it is impossible to determine the type of base without a table. Therefore, it is preferable to study the varieties and types of automobile light bulbs according to the European IEC classification.

Xenon

The bulb of such autolamps is filled with an inert gas (xenon), and the glow is provided by an electric arc between tungsten electrodes. Due to the high temperature, the brightness of the glow increases, and the color spectrum acquires a blue tint (4600-6000 K).

Xenon lamps have an unfocused light output. To focus it, special optics with lenses are used. These headlights are designated DC, DR and DCR. It is prohibited to use such light sources in vehicles that are not designed for this purpose.

Halogen

Quartz halogen lamps are used for headlights. Their flasks are filled with halogen vapors (bromine or iodine).

The presence of gas allows you to raise the temperature of the filament to 2700-3000 K and prevent tungsten from burning out.

Geometry with a short spiral provides good focusing and a light spectrum close to natural light. The bulb of such light bulbs is made of quartz glass.

Incandescent

With the advent of halogen car lamps, classic incandescent lamps have ceased to be used as the main vehicle lighting.

Inside the evacuated silicate glass flask there is a tungsten filament, which provides a glow when heated.

Under such conditions, the maximum heating temperature of the coil is 2000 K, and due to the large length of the heating element, it is difficult to achieve good focusing. The thread often burns out, and the burnt out tungsten settles on the inner surface of the glass.

LED

Over the past few years, light-emitting diode (LED) lamps have become widespread. The glow in them occurs due to the release of photons from semiconductors during the passage of current, and the spectrum of the emitted light is determined by the chemical composition.

The light output of high-power LED lamps can be 70-100 lm/W, which is 5 times higher than that of halogen counterparts. Its versatility allows you to create lighting elements of any design and layout.

Thanks to this, they can be used in all vehicle lighting systems.

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How to determine the type of base by the name of the lamp?

The lamp body may indicate the system for connecting it to the socket. The following types of bases for automotive light sources are distinguished: flange (P), symmetrical pin (BA), asymmetrical pin (BAY, BAZ), soffit (SV), baseless (W). The last character in the marking indicates the number of contacts: s (1), d (2), t (3), q (4), p (5).

If there is no such marking, you should use the table:

Scope of application	Lamp type	Base type
Head light and fog lights	R2	P45t
H1	P14.5s
H3	PK22s
H4 (low/high)	P43t
H7	PX26d
H8	PGJ19-1
H9	PGJ19-5
H11	PGJ19-2
H16	PGJ19-3
H27W/1	PG13
H27W/2	PGJ13
HB3	P20d
HB4	P22d
HB5	PX29t
Xenon head light	D1R	PK32d-3
D1S	PK32d-2
D2R	P32d-3
D2S	P32d-2
D3S	PK32d-5
D4R	P32d-6
D4S	P32d-5
Brake lights, tail lights, direction indicators	P21/5W (P21/4W)	BAY15d
P21W	BA15s
PY21W	BAU15s/19
Side lights, side direction indicators and license plate lights	W5W	W2.1×9.5d
T4W	BA9s/14
R5W	BA15s/19
H6W	PX26d
Interior and trunk lighting	10W	SV8.5 T11x37
C5W	SV8.5/8
R5W	BA15s/19
W5W	W2.1×9.5d

With flange

Flange bulbs are used for automobile headlights. Strict standards for helix placement allow precise focusing of light. Depending on the purpose, the filament can be curled or stretched along the reflector. For use in fog lights, the spiral is placed perpendicularly.

Soffitny

Soffit lamps are similar in shape to low-current fuses. This design allows the use of a flat lampshade. They are used to illuminate the interior, trunk, glove compartment and license plates.

Glass

Baseless car lamps have a low power of 1-21 W and are installed in side lights, turn signal indicators and instrument panels. There are modifications with a plastic base.

Pin lamps are widely used. Up to 20 such light sources can be installed on one car. There are 3 modifications:

Symmetrical arrangement of pins - transparent glass, 1 spiral.
Pin, offset in height - transparent glass, 2 filament elements.
Pin offset along the circumference - orange glass, 1 filament.

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Plug-in connections for LED lamps

Due to the small size of semiconductors, any arrangement of LED lamps is possible. They can be used for both dashboard lighting and car headlights.

But for high-power LEDs, passive (radiator) or active (modular with fan) cooling is required, which makes it difficult to install a standard type of base.

To solve this problem, the base is divided into 2 elements:

frame with a cooling system for fixing the lamp;
block with contacts and driver on a wire.

This design of LED lamps ensures compatibility with all existing types of sockets.

Source: https://LampaExpert.ru/tsokoli/avtomobilnih-lamp-vidy-markirovka-naznachenie

Table of automobile lamps and their replaceability

Table-list of automobile lamps

The symbols in the table are presented in two formats. New international and old designation of automobile lamps. An additional image will help identify the lamp.

* At first glance, lamps H8, H9, H10, H11, H12 and H13 are absolutely identical, but this is not so!

H8

Power – 35W

Voltage – 12V

Luminous flux – 800 lm

Base – PGj19-1

H11

Power – 55W

Voltage – 12V

Luminous flux – 1350 lm

Base – PGj19-2

H9

Power – 65W

Voltage – 12V

Luminous flux – 2100 lm

Base – PGj19-5

The power consumption of all these lamps is different, which indicates different requirements for the car's wiring. So, for example, the H11 lamp will require thicker wires, because its rated power is 55W, and the maximum is about 62W. If instead of H8 you install H11 lamps, this may lead to a fuse burning out or, in extreme cases, to a fire in the car’s electrical wiring, which is unacceptable;
Automotive lamp manufacturers have taken care and made the sockets of these lamps with slight differences. Each of these lamps has three “antennae”, and they are made with slight differences so that the consumer cannot install one lamp in place of another and expose his car and himself to danger;
and finally, the last reason is the connector, as can be seen in the photo, the connector for these lamps is different, which also will not allow installing one lamp instead of another.

The bases of the W5W, WY5W, W16W lamps are the same, but the diameter of the W16W lamp itself is much larger, so it may not fit into all W5W sockets. W5W will therefore be suitable instead of any W16W.

Lamp sockets P21W, R5W, R10W, RY10W are interchangeable.

Types of car lamp bases

Depending on the number of contacts at the lamp base, the corresponding letter is added.

s - one contact
d - two contacts
t - three contacts
q - four contacts
p - five contacts

A – car lamp.
AMN – miniature automobile lamp.
AC – automotive spotlight lamp.
AKG is a quartz halogen automotive lamp.
T - miniature base lamp. The base is made together with the flask. Example designation for example (T5 4W) - 5/8 inch diameter lamp, 4 watts.

R – lamp with a 15 mm metal base and a 19 mm bulb.
Designation for example (R 5W) – power 5 watts. R2 - The diameter of the flask is about 40 mm.
Incandescent lamps used in Soviet times for high and low beam. At the moment they are almost not used. P - lamp with a 15 mm base and bulb diameter up to 26.5 mm.

Example designation (P21W) – power 21 watts.
SV (C) – soffit lamp (base is located on both sides). As a rule, it is used for interior lighting and license plate lighting. Designation for example SV8.5 5w – the lamp has a base diameter of 8.5 mm, power 5 watts. May be designated as C5W.

VA is a pin-type lamp in which each pin is located symmetrically relative to the others.
BAY is a pin lamp in which one of the pins is offset in height.
BAZ is a pin lamp with a pin offset in height and radius.
W – the lamp base is made together with a glass bulb.

Example of designation (W 2 * 4.6d 5W) - the base is made together with a glass bulb, base thickness 2 mm, width 4.6 mm, 2 contacts, power 5 watts.

The letter “Y” in the name means that the color of the lamp is yellow.

The designation “/4W”, “/5W” and “/7W” indicates that the lamp has 2 filaments (in LED lamps there are 2 operating modes: soft/bright). The lamp bases are the same. The difference in power: for incandescent lamps: 4W, 5W and 7W, respectively.

Base lamps -T4W, P21W, P21/4W, P21/5W, R5W, R10W, RY10W for parking lights, turn signals, brake lights.

Baseless lamps – W16W, W21W, WY21W, W21/5W, P27W, P27/7W, T5.

Applicability

How to determine what type of xenon lamps are installed in your car?

Many xenon car lamps look the same at first glance, but they are not. They are completely different in appearance, characteristics and serve different purposes.

Last letter:

S – For lensed optics.
R – For reflective optics.

Voltage:

D1S/D1R – 85v.
D2S/D2R – 85v.
D3S/D3R – 45v.
D4S/D4R – 45v.

Not interchangeable!

If the lamp in the car is missing for some reason? Determined by the mounting hole. Which, accordingly, will be in mirror form.

Replacement of halogen lamps with Xenon

Other articles:

Source: http://automixed.ru/stati/info/item/54-tablitsa-avtom

There are different sockets: classification of car lamp sockets

The socket is an integral element of any car lamp, designed to securely fix the device in the socket. This component allows for the transmission of voltage to power the device through the contacts.

Depending on the type, car lamp sockets may have gas, which helps prevent possible voltage leakage. As for the main contacts, these are the so-called petals, pads, as well as special wire pins.

In addition, this component allows for more reliable sealing of the flask from contact with various external irritants.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YBlHl-ek5_8

Two LEDs for the car

Separately, it is necessary to say about LEDs. In the case of LEDs, the situation is slightly different - a sealed structure is not required. So in LEDs the pinout does not fulfill this role. LEDs are one of the most popular lighting source options today.

Classification, types and designation

What types of car lamp bases are there and how do they differ from each other? You will find answers to these questions below.

Varieties of European and domestic lamps

In Russia, light bulbs with bases that were assigned GOST back in Soviet times are still produced:

A - standard car lamp;
AMN - literal transcript - automobile miniature light bulb;
AC - soffit type of devices;
AKG is a quartz halogen bulb.

Varieties and designation of elements

Usually, after these abbreviations, numbers indicating the power of the device, as well as the development number, are marked on the pinout. It should be noted that you can only see such markings on domestic products. The main disadvantage of such products is the absence of a certain type of device in the code.

As for European goods, in this case, light bulbs are marked according to the ECE standard:

T - miniature lamp;
R - a device whose pin diameter is 1.5 cm, and the bulb size in this case is 1.9 cm;
P - a part in which the diameter of the base is 1.5 cm, and the diameter of the flask is 2.65 cm;
W - in this case, the base of the element will be glass;
H - halogen;
U - if this letter is included in the marking, then this indicates that the color of the flask is orange.

Types of light bulbs depending on the type of base

It should be noted that the types of bases may differ from each other in the marking of the connecting component. Varieties of connectors depending on the type allow you to avoid possible installation of the element in other cartridges.

The main types of devices are:

VA - part equipped with a pin-type pinout;
W - glass component, in this case the wire contacts are brought out, this type is usually used for installation in turning lights;
P - this marking indicates the presence of a flange pinout - there is a lens inside the structure designed to direct light to a certain area;
E - this symbol warns that the device has a threaded surface, which was first used in incandescent light bulbs; at the moment this type is most popular among motorists;
BAY - this combination also indicates a pin-type pinout;
BAZ - the device belongs to a subtype of pin elements, however, the design should have a slight displacement of the pins;
G - component with bayonet pinout.

Example of marking designation

These were the most popular types, now we will briefly talk about other varieties:

F - the design of the device provides for the presence of one pin.
R - in this case the contact is recessed. This subtype is designed for higher power, and it can also be used in environments with higher temperatures. As a rule, this is a designation for quartz and halogen devices, since they themselves are characterized by low weight and size.
T is a telephone type, but it is used to provide lighting in the control panel of a vehicle.
b - the element is equipped with a corrugated pin.
c - in this case the pin will have a special shape.
a - cylindrical type of pin;
S is a soffit device in which the pinout is located on one side of the tubular light bulb. In everyday life, such parts are used in backlights and lamps, but also in automotive devices, spotlight bulbs are not uncommon.
K - the design of the device implies the presence of cable connections (the author of the video is the SIMPLE THINGS channel).

It should also be noted that the pinouts may differ from each other not only in appearance, but also in the different number of contacts.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N720DU7smKg

In this case, the marking will be as follows:

s - this means that the design uses one contact;
d - two contacts;
t - device with three contacts;
q - four;
p - a light bulb, the design of which provides five contacts.

To better understand the designation of lighting components, we also suggest that you familiarize yourself with photographs of the devices. Not every car enthusiast should know about all types, especially since, as can be seen in the article, there are quite a lot of types of lighting devices.

Conclusion

When buying a light bulb for your vehicle, we recommend looking not only at the types of sockets and their designations, but also paying attention to the components. This is because there are quite a lot of car lamp manufacturers today.

Video “Detailed replacement instructions”

Find out how to make the replacement yourself at home from the video below (author - Andrey Dodonov channel).

Source: https://labavto.com/elektronika/svet/klassifikatsiya-tsokolej-avtomobilnyh-lamp/

Car lamp sockets: designation and types

A modern car is equipped with different types of light bulbs, of which there are more than a hundred. They are designed to perform different tasks. Car lamps make it easier and possible to use a car in the dark or in poor visibility conditions, and ensure traffic safety.

Based on the type of placement, they are divided into internal and external lamps; they also differ in dimensions, electrical parameters and the presence of a metal cap - a base. We want to talk about the meaning of the last element of car lamps in more detail.

The base is the part of the lamp that holds the glass bulb in the socket. At the same time, the structure is a contact element and transmits electric current to the filament.

The body consists of a platform, contact connections, and petals. The nozzle also ensures sealing of the glass bulb of the lighting device, protecting the contents in the glass shell from the external environment.

Most automotive high-power lamps intended for outdoor lighting are filled with gas.

The purpose of the base is to ensure the tightness of the lamp throughout the entire period of operation, during which the product is subject to shaking and temperature changes. To do this, the base must fit tightly into the cartridge.

Mostly all car lamps are made in a socket version with locking protrusions so that they can be easily inserted or removed during replacement.

After being in the cartridge for a long time under the influence of external dampness, metal elements should not enter into an oxidative reaction.

Even if there is no gas in the incandescent lamp, the bulb must still be sealed, since a vacuum environment is created inside.

With the beginning of the use of LED lamps, sealing has become rudimentary, but manufacturers have not yet been able to completely abandon classic incandescent lamps in cars.

Types and markings on car lamp bases

Initially, the designation on lamps from different manufacturers was not systematized. Everyone applied the symbols they saw fit. This led to an endless variety of luminescent products. In our country, GOST 2023-88 has become the reference standard. The document did not solve all problems, but it provided a basic description of most lamps and sockets used in automobiles.

To determine the number of contacts, you need to know the letter symbol for each type of base

one contact – s;
two-pin – d;
three-pin – t;
four-pin – q;
five pin – p.

Marking of the type of base auto lamps

regular automobile – A;
soffit – AC;
miniature – AMN;
miniature base (base combined with bulb) - T;
quartz halogen - AKG;
metal base (mm) 15, flask (mm) 19 – R;
incandescent lamp with a glass shell diameter (mm) of 40 (an outdated version of high or low beam lamps, practically no longer used) – R2;
base (mm) 15, bulb (mm) 26.5 – P;
double-sided arrangement of the base, soffit lamp (usually used to illuminate the cabin, license plate) - SV or (C);
symmetrically pinned – BA;
pin with one pin offset in height – BAY;
pin with a pin offset in height and radius – BAZ
inseparably manufactured base and glass bulb - W.

Marking of automobile lamps not by sockets

Halogen type of lamps is the most common. Products of this type can be manufactured with bases of different sizes, but their markings always begin with the letter “H” (halogen lamp). Numerical designations may also appear. They indicate the uniqueness of the shape and base of the car lamp. For example, a fog lamp is labeled 9145.

Marking by lighting color

If the letter Y is placed after the first symbol of the marking, this means that the lamp bulb is orange. For example, a lamp with a fifteen-millimeter base and an orange bulb will be indicated by the following inscription - (PY21W).

Next, we provide a drawing with which it will be easy to compare the above descriptions with the shape of a car lamp plus base in order to know what visual appearance the products have.

Marking of xenon lamps

Lamp/base table

H1–P14.5s
H2 – X511
H3 – PK22s
H4–P43t
H7 – PX26d
H11 – PGJ19-2
H8 – PGJ19-1
H9 – PGJ19-5
H12 – PZ20d
H10 – PY20d
H13
H15 – PGJ23T-1
H20W – BA9S
HB3–P20d
HB4–P22d
HB5 – PX29t
HB1–P29t
D1S – PK32d-2
D1R – PK32d-3
D2S–P32d-2
D2R–P32d-3
D3R
D3S – PK32d-5
D4R
D4S–P32d-5
D8S
PY21W – BAU15s
P21W – BA15s
P21/4W – BAZ15d
P21/5W – BAY15s
R2/P45t
R5W – BA15s
R10W – BA15s
T4W–BA9s
W5W – W2.1×9.5d
W3W – W2.1×9.5d
W2.3W – W2x4.6d
WY2.3W – W2x4.6d
WY5W – W2.1×9.5d
H6W–BAX9s
H21W – BAY9s
C5W – SV8.5-8
WP21W – WZ2.5x16d
P27W – WZ2.5x16d
C21W – SV8.5-8
W21W – W3x16d
W21/5W – W3x16q
W16W – W2.1×9.5d
WP21W – WY2.5x16d
PY27/7w – WX2.5x16q
H5W
HS1
W2W – W2X4.6D

Source: https://www.BestParts.ru/articles/tsokoli-avtomobilnykh-lamp-oboznachenie-i-tipy.html

Car lamp sockets: list with pictures

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Thanks to Thomas Edison, the world's first base designed to operate a standard type of light source appeared. The initial technological developments annually underwent new changes that affected the operation of the lighting source.

Today, in the catalogs of many manufacturers, you can count at least 10 main types of various fasteners. These elements are intended not only to equip household lamps, but also all kinds of lanterns, spotlights and even automobile lighting devices. To choose the right product, you should consider all car lamp sockets, a list with pictures.

Brief technical features

A lamp base for a car is an integral element that is required to firmly fix the lamp in the device socket. In addition, this part provides a continuous supply of electricity through its contacts to power the lighting device. Some constant elements provide for the presence of gas; a leak may occur as a result of incorrect selection of the device.

Types of bases within one car

Socles are divided according to the type of contact devices and can be:

With petals
Monolithic sites
Wire pins.

When it comes to diode devices, fixing the light bulbs for cars is not necessary. In other types of auto lamps, such as halogen, xenon and incandescent lamps, a sealed connection must be present.

Each modification of the base element has an individual index, which can differ in both alphabetic symbols and numbers. All values indicate specific product parameters. To understand the decoding of the types of car light bulbs, you should study the table and lists of definitions.

Marking on base

Brief purpose:

The device securely holds the light fixture in a mounting-type socket.
It is a conductor of electricity coming from the source to the filaments.
Provides sealing of the lamp body, protecting the device from the influence of external factors.

VIDEO: Main types of bases

Classification and types

At the time of the existence of the USSR, 4 main abbreviations of light bulbs for vehicles, which were produced in this territory, were recorded in state regulations:

AMN is an abbreviated name for auto lamps with miniature dimensional parameters.
AKG - designates such lighting devices for cars as halogen products and quartz.
AC - the abbreviation is listed for soffit lighting equipment;
A – standard type of equipment intended for vehicles.

Typically, the subsequent digital symbols, which are indicated after the letters, indicate the amount of power of the lighting equipment and the serial number of the manufacturer.

However, this marking can only be found on domestically manufactured vehicle lighting devices.

One of the main disadvantages of indexing is the absence of a certain type of automobile lamp in the code. Today, such ciphers are practically not used.

Modifications of optics and cartridges

At the moment, most often in the automotive industry and the sale of spare parts there are products with other designations. The updated rules for creating symbols have had a positive impact on the formation of a unique index that complies with standardized ECE standards.

List with pictures - main types of car lamps

To make it easier to understand the product, each element is designated by the following abbreviation:

H – symbol indicates halogen lighting devices;
W – a product that includes components consisting of glass;
R – halogen lamps with a base component and a bulb, the diameter of which is 15 cm;
Y is an abbreviation for a car lighting device that contains an orange-colored bulb;
T – lamps for transport of this modification have compact dimensional parameters.

In addition, there are types of car lamp bases that differ in the individual number of contact elements, which varies from 1 to 5 units.

The variety of classification divisions can be determined from the list with pictures. However, you should know that each type of product completely depends on the technical characteristics of the fastening.

Individual classification and labeling

In addition to the already indicated abbreviations of devices intended for lighting, devices have individual classification and marking, which is created based on the type of connecting socket.

Of the main varieties, manufacturers produce products in the following categories:

BA – pin type of fixing element;
G – a product in the form of bayonets, suitable for most types of lamps, from small halogen lamps to ceiling fluorescent lamps;
W - made mainly of impact-resistant glass. The contacts are threaded through the body of the bulb and pulled out. The scope of application extends only to vehicle gates;
BAZ – pin devices with slight displacements of the main components in diameter;
P – used to equip a lighting fixture with a flanged base. The interior of the bulb includes a lens that directs the rays to the required area;
BAY is a standard pin class product;
E – the device has a threaded element, which is the most popular among car owners. Initially, the device was used together with an incandescent light source, but now the area of use has also included an energy-saving product.

There are other types of LED and halogen lamp bases:

Abbreviation	Designation
F	Equipped with one pin
K	Has cable connecting components
R	The package includes a recessed contact that allows for high temperature and high power operation. Often acts as a small quartz, halogen device
S	The main component is the soffit base element. Located on one side of the body
T	Telephone – used to equip the lighting control panel
A	Cylindrical base device
B	Has a grooved screw-in component
C	Available in custom shapes

The number of lighting contacts is determined by the following symbols:

S – 1;
D – 2;
T – 3;
Q – 4;
P – 5.

Pictures with symbols will help you clearly remember all the individual features of the products and choose the most suitable option. It is advisable for every car owner to know the listed lists, but if there is no time and desire to understand device modifications, you can simply save the images.

What each lamp looks like and where it is used

Car rear optics - varieties

When selecting a specific model, you should pay attention to both the classifications and characteristics of the device, as well as the components of the package.

VIDEO: What lamps to put in headlights

Source: http://www.DiodGid.ru/info/sokoli-avtomobilnykh-lamp-spisok-s-kartinkami/

Car lamp sockets, types, designation

There are more than a hundred light bulbs in a car. Their tasks are very diverse, ranging from interior lighting, instrument panel combinations, and to ensuring visibility of the road at night. So, depending on these purposes, lamps also have different dimensions and electrical characteristics. The dimensions of the lamp are directly proportional to the power, since it has to be dissipated.

At least it was very noticeable with incandescent lamps. As a result, the dimensions of the lamp increase as its power increases. Actually, this is why we have what we have! Namely, there are many standard sizes of lamps and many contacts of these lamps, which ensure that the lamp is held and the supply voltage is supplied to it. Actually, our article will be about these very bases.

So, the lamp base holds it in the socket of the lampshade or headlamp, and it also transmits current to power the lamp through its contacts through pads, petals, and wire leads. In fact, sometimes the base doesn’t even look like a base, because it is a continuation of the bulb. Let's say this.

(lamp with T10 base, power 5 Watt)

In addition, with the advent of LED lamps, the bulb became unnecessary. The base has become an artificial plastic “growth” where the contacts are installed (located). Of course, time is not worth it; in the end, lamp bases change along with the advent of new light sources.

Types of car lamp bases in lampshades and car headlights

Actually, it’s worth moving on to specific examples of possible variations of lamp bases and where such lamps are usually placed. Many of the lamps, and therefore the bases of these lamps, have become rudiments today. That is, they were often used in cars produced in the USSR, but today they are already amazing and rare lamps.

Car lamps and rudimentary sockets

A – automobile lamp. AMN – miniature automobile lamp. AC – automobile spotlight lamp. AKG – quartz halogen automobile lamp. R – lamp with a 15 mm metal base and a 19 mm bulb. Designation for example (R 5W) – power 5 Watt. R2 – The diameter of the flask is about 40 mm.

Incandescent lamps used in Soviet times for high and low beam. At the moment they are almost not used. P – lamp with a 15 mm base and bulb diameter up to 26.5 mm. Designation for example (P21W) – power 21 Watt. SV (C) – soffit lamp (base is located on both sides).

As a rule, it is used for interior lighting and license plate lighting. Designation for example SV8.5 5w – the lamp has a base diameter of 8.5 mm, power 5 watts. It can be designated as C5W.BA - a pin-type lamp, in which each pin is located symmetrically relative to the others.

BAY is a pin lamp in which one of the pins is offset in height.

BAZ is a pin lamp with a pin offset in height and radius.

Such lamps are extremely difficult to find now.

Car lamps and sockets in dimensions, license plate lighting, interior lighting

Most often, in the dimensions, in the license plate illumination, in the interior lamps above the driver’s head or in the trunk, a lamp with a T base is used.

T5 – miniature base lamp. The base is made together with the flask or is made of plastic with wire leads. Example designation for example (T5 4W) - lamp with a diameter of 5/8 inches, power 4 watts.

T10 – the lamp base is made together with a glass bulb, if it is glass. Designation example (T10 W5W) - the base is 2 mm thick and 10 mm wide. T10 just talks about the width of the base, which is 10 mm.

2 contacts, power 5 Watt (incandescent lamp). This is indicated by the W5W marking. However, today there are already many LED analogues, say Philips or Osram lamps, they have a plastic base and a power of about 0.3 Watt.

Another purely interior lamp is a lamp with a T base. The lamp is also gradually leaving our cars, as it was installed in the instrument panel combination. Now there are SMD LEDs, which are soldered directly onto the board. There is also a T20 base. Also a fairly common version of interior lamps.

Also among interior lamps there are often lamps - cylinders, with two contacts at the ends. С5W

In this case, an additional index to the lamp, say C5W 31 or C5W 36, indicates the overall size in mm.

Car high/low beam lamps

Actually, here it’s worth starting with a retro lamp. We mentioned it in rudimentary lamps. Such lamps were installed in USSR cars.

Now this is already yesterday. After all, today either xenon or halogen lamps are used for low/high beam lamps. So xenon lamps are those starting with the letter D, such as:

D2S, D2R. The main difference between the lamps is that one is designed for lens headlights with the letter S, and the other for reflector headlights with the symbol S. However, they have the same base. They look something like this.

...and halogen ones start with the letter H.

H1-H11 actually there are differences in the base itself, but in terms of the appearance of the bulb they are very similar.

Car turn signal lamps

PY21W Y – if the letter is after the first character, then this lamp is made with an orange bulb color.
Example designation (PY21W) – lamp with 15 mm base, 26.5 mm bulb, with orange bulb. P21W – the same as above, only with a white base or white glow.

Car brake lamps

T10 W16W here, as for the T10 W5W llama, the body and base are one and the same. Unless, of course, it is a glass flask. Is that the lamp itself is larger and more powerful - 16 watts, again the power is indicated for glass. In this case, the T10 W16W is obtained on the same base as the T10 W5W.

That is, as a last resort, you can take a lamp from the interior.
P21W/5W – this lamp has a 3-pin base, as can be seen from the markings. If the lamp is in glass, then it has 2 filaments of 21 and 5 watts. If the LED is 2 and 0.45 watts.

Usually used both for the brake light and for the dimensions.

And now it’s all about the same thing, but in a generalized form. That is, clearly in the picture, indicating the installation locations of lamps with a specific base

Modern trends are leading to the fact that in the near future we will not need to think at all about what kind of lamps we have. Since they are already making block headlights with installed LEDs, which are designed to operate for the entire service life of the machine. Let us remember that high-quality LEDs can work up to 50,000 hours without interruption, and besides, technology does not stand still.

Source: http://www.AutoSecret.net/avtosecret/1335-cokoli-avtomobilnyh-lamp