Do-it-yourself turbine installation

How to install a turbocharger yourself?

Many drivers very often face the problem of insufficient engine power. The question of increasing power is especially often asked by owners of domestic cars, for example the VAZ brand, or old foreign cars.

Oddly enough, one of the best solutions today remains the installation of turbocharging. This upgrade, of course, will increase gasoline consumption, but the engine power will also increase significantly.

In addition, there is no need to contact a service center or service station; it is quite possible to install this system yourself.

Turbocharging

What is turbocharging?

And so, you already understand that turbocharging (or as it is also called “turbine”) is a good way to increase engine performance, but let’s take a closer look at how it works.

The exhaust gases enter the turbine impeller. As a result, the impeller spins, and along with it, the compressor blades, which are located on the same shaft, are set in motion. The advantages of this system are:

Increase in power by 30-40% due to low fuel consumption;
Benefits for the environment;
Possibility of installation on any make of car;
Possibility of DIY installation.

Spinning up, the compressor pumps air into the engine cylinders, i.e. gasoline begins to become more enriched with air, and the enriched air-fuel mixture, under pressure created by artificial supercharging, and not by vacuum, enters the cylinders in large volumes, where it burns.

Of course, due to the creation of high power due to the combustion of large volumes of fuel and the injection of oxygen, the entire system gets quite hot at the end of the compression stroke, so that even an explosion is possible, but the inventors of this mechanism figured out how to negate the likelihood of such an outcome. The solution is quite simple: the turbocharger is equipped with an intercooler, which, in essence, is a radiator for cooling the air and, accordingly, the entire system.

The process of self-installation of turbocharging

Turbocharging for cars

In order to install this device on the engine with your own hands, you first need to understand one thing, regardless of the car brand, turbine model and other little things, the operating principle of any such unit is almost identical, so the work performed will be approximately the same in 95% of cases.

Well, let's get started, and we need to start by removing the air filter and carburetor from the engine.

This is done because the intake pipe is installed in the place where the carburetor is located, and the standard intake pipe from the carburetor is simply removed.

It would also be a good idea to secure the entire structure with normal bolts for greater reliability. The exhaust pipe will be replaced with exhaust manifold studs, and the muffler downpipe will be inserted from below.

As for the rectangular flange on the pipe, it is attached to the receiving pipe using a copper gasket. This gives the necessary indicator of rigidity and strength of fastening.

The next step is to connect the air inlet and outlet pipes to a similar part of the compressor of our system. This is done using a connecting pipe. It has a diameter of 50 millimeters and is secured with plastic clamps.

At the outlet of the compressor, you should install another pipe, but this one is aluminum. After this, you can begin to return its original carburetor to the engine system.

To do this, with our own hands, using standard studs, we attach it to the horizontal flange using the original gasket.

Next, you need to dismantle the plate that is located on the head cover, but do not confuse them, there are several of them, and it is the second one on the right side that needs to be dismantled. In its place is installed a throttle valve drive bracket, which is responsible for the distribution and dosage of air flow, fuel, and now exhaust.

Now you need to secure the gas pipeline of the hydraulic vacuum booster. It is mounted on a specially designed fitting of the inlet pipe. Next, reading sensors of devices are added to this whole matter in order to monitor system performance. To top off the job, don't forget to reinstall the vent filter and crankcase ventilation pipe.

Turbine on a car

Conclusion

So, as you can see, installing a turbocharger on an internal combustion engine, be it a diesel or gasoline engine, is not difficult. All you need to do is read this article and have at least a little idea of the internal structure of the “heart of the machine.” If you are unsure about something, you can always get advice on this issue from specialists at the service station.

When turbocharging is installed on your car, you will feel a significant increase in revs, increased vehicle dynamics and greater speed . All these gigantic advantages are achieved with just a slight increase in fuel consumption, so it seems that by installing this device on his “iron horse”, the owner will only benefit.

Source: http://autodont.ru/inlet-system/turbonadduv/ustanovka

Advanced tuning - installing a turbine on a car

The turbocharger is a mechanism whose housing contains a shaft with an impeller, 2 support and 1 thrust sliding bearings, seals and 2 volutes. A pneumatic actuator is attached to the structure, the function of which is to activate a bypass valve designed to regulate the speed of the turbine, which is responsible for the performance of the compressor.

Turbine structure

When the air pressure pumped by the compressor increases, the pneumatic drive opens the valve and discharges part of the gases into the exhaust system, thereby reducing the speed of the turbine shaft. It should be noted that if a turbine fails, it cannot be repaired and must be replaced.

Turbine design

The turbine on a car is made of a heat-resistant alloy, the compressor is made of aluminum, and medium-alloy steel is used to make the turbocharging shaft.

The t/n body is made of solid cast iron. The gas flow that turns the turbine is formed by a cast iron piece known as a volute.

The compressor supplies air through the central hole, seals it and feeds it through the annular channel into the engine.

Turbine operating principle

A car with a turbine requires a special approach, since failure to comply with certain rules can cause deformation of the cochlea.

Turbine properties

The main task of the turbine is to increase the power of the machine's engine. Currently, there are many ways to increase engine power: chip tuning, installing zero-resistance filters, boring cylinders, polishing intake channels, using nitrous oxide. The most affordable and easiest way to increase engine power is a turbine for a car.

The job of turbocharging is to exhaust exhaust gases to the turbine wheel blades through the exhaust manifold. The turbine wheel is mounted on the same axis with a compression wheel, which pumps up high air pressure and supplies it to the engine intake manifold. These actions significantly increase engine power and reduce fuel consumption.

Increased engine power

To increase the power of a car engine with a turbine, it is recommended to use high-pressure devices. Its distinctive feature is the presence of a valve that releases excess pressure at high turbine speeds. To cool the air heated during turbine operation at high speeds, most car enthusiasts install an intercooler.

The turbine is used to increase engine power

To prevent a delay in the car's reaction, two parallel turbines with low and high speeds should be installed in the engine. The response delay is also successfully dealt with by a turbine with an inclined rotor and turbochargers with ceramic blades.

Operating a car with a turbine

A car with a turbine requires special operating conditions. If you follow certain rules, you can extend the life of the turbine:

clean oil and air filters in a timely manner;
before starting to drive, “run” the engine at idle speed;
operate the engine in optimal mode.

Installing a turbine on a car requires special knowledge and skills. If the operation of the turbocharger and the car engine are not synchronized, damage to the latter may occur.

Turbine components

With proper installation of a turbine on a mass-produced engine, its power increases by 1.5-2 times.

The main component of an automobile turbine is the exhaust manifold, equipped with flanges compatible with the “seat” of the turbocharger.

To discharge exhaust gas into the exhaust line, a downpipe (flange) is required, to which a special nut for the lambda probe must be welded.

An exhaust manifold

To seal the gaps at the junction of the exhaust manifold and the downpipe, special gaskets must be used. Aluminum tubes, silicone pipes and power clamps are used to construct the air line. In order for the turbo to be able to operate for a long time, it is necessary to periodically lubricate it and prevent overheating.

Engine cooling

After the turbine has cooled, the coolant must be returned to the container from which it was taken. To do this, an oil drain and a fluid drainage line are connected to the turbocharger. Failure to comply with these recommendations can lead to failure of the turbocharger, a decrease in pressure in the lubrication system, malfunction of the engine and the appearance of fires under the hood of the car.

Valves and injectors

The turbine contains another important component of the air line - an excess air pressure relief valve (bypass). It opens when the pressure is reduced by closing the throttle valve. To remove excess air outside, another type of bypass valve is used - blowoff. When activated, a hissing or whistling sound appears.

Overpressure relief valve

Installing a turbine on a car requires the installation of fuel injectors with higher performance. They regulate the supply of fuel to the combustion chamber through the fuel pump. To obtain a balance between fuel supply and pump performance, it is necessary to take into account the increase in engine power when installing turbocharging.

Danger of detonation

A car with a turbine is often susceptible to detonation that occurs in the engine due to an increase in the amount of fuel-air mixture. Several methods can be used to prevent the occurrence of danger:

use fuel with a high octane number;
enrich the air-fuel mixture to reduce engine efficiency. This method requires constant monitoring of fuel consumption, since excess fuel will burn outside the cylinders, heating the turbocharger, exhaust manifold and exhaust tract;
reduce the ignition timing;
reduce the compression ratio, for which special pistons are installed.

Fuel your car with high octane fuel

In order for the engine and turbine of a car to work correctly, they must be “correctly” controlled, for which the best option is to use software. The program must be configured for a specific engine, since any other setting may damage it.

Engine overheating

As engine power increases, its temperature increases, which makes operating the car uncomfortable. To prevent the occurrence of such problems, it is necessary to identify and eliminate the causes:

low pump performance, which can be increased by eliminating the gap between the impeller and the cylinder block;
eliminate the thermostat malfunction, which may be indicated by overheating of the upper pipe leading to the radiator;
increase the amount of coolant entering the radiator;
increase radiator ventilation by removing heated air from under the hood by installing an air intake;
increase the performance of the main fan.

So, the turbocharging system significantly increases the power of the car, but only competent installation and systematic inspection will ensure maximum efficiency and safety.

Video: turbine operating principle

Source: http://AvtoMotoSpec.ru/tyunning-avtomobilej/prodvinutyj-tyuning-ustanovka-turbiny-na-avto.html

Installing a turbine on a naturally aspirated car engine

A turbine is a complex technical device that allows the engine to develop greater power. Installing a turbine on a naturally aspirated engine is an affordable modification to improve the dynamic characteristics of the car.

This device is installed on some cars from the factory, but not on all. Recently, gasoline small cars with a 1.2 or 1.4 engine and a turbine installed on them have become very popular. It is noteworthy that their fuel consumption in the urban cycle rarely exceeds 7 liters, but the power is enough to get average aspirated cars out of traffic lights.

Turbine operating principle

As you can see, exhaust gases enter the turbine housing, they enter the impeller or, in other words, the turbine wheels, after they have worked, they exit the turbine.

The compressor impeller is located on one turbine shaft. It is installed inside the compressor housing.

Atmospheric air enters the inlet, and at the outlet under high pressure we receive the so-called charge air.

Turbocharging is very good at increasing power and reducing fuel consumption. For example, if you install a turbine on a 1.4 or 1.6 engine, then it is quite possible to get very good car power, comparable to the power of a car without a turbine, but with a 1.8-2.0 engine.

The more economical of these two cars will, of course, be the car with a smaller engine capacity. This technology is very popular among the Germans and some Japanese.

For example, some VW Golf models come with small engine volumes, but with good power, which in turn is achieved through a turbine.

What is needed to install a turbine

In addition to the turbine itself, the system contains some other components that are necessary for its operation. These components are:

Turbine exhaust manifold

Since the turbine runs on exhaust gases, it must be inserted into the exhaust gas outlet line from the engine. The so-called special exhaust manifold will help with this. This is what it looks like assembled with the turbine.

Exhaust pipe

Another necessary element of a system with an installed turbocharger is a special pipe for removing exhaust gases to the outside. By the way, a lambda probe sensor needs to be built into it. This is what it looks like.

Air supply line

The next necessary element is the construction of an air supply line.
It uses aluminum tubes and silicone pipes to connect them. Before air can enter the motor, it must be cooled to use it more efficiently. An intercooler is used for this. This is what he looks like.

In the pictures it is already together with the necessary pipes. It should be noted that since exhaust gases enter the turbine, it heats up very much, and it is simply necessary to connect a channel with coolant to it. Also, the speed of the turbine impeller is very high, and to ensure its long and reliable operation, it is necessary to connect an oil channel from the engine to it.

Blowoff

Everyone has probably heard the so-called zilch in cars with a turbine, or blowoff. It is needed to relieve excess air pressure.

Electronics

If you decide to install a turbine on your car, then you need to take care of the injectors. You need to purchase injectors with higher performance, as the engine power will increase and standard injectors simply will not be enough. Injectors from Subaru are in demand among popular tuners, or a cheaper option is to install Volgov ones.

It is also worth paying attention to the ECU. Since the standard program will no longer work, it will need to be changed and rolled back online. To do this, you will need to use the services of adjusters who have special equipment for this.

Problems with turbocharged engines

The main enemy of inflated engines is detonation. With a turbine, a larger amount of air-fuel mixture is formed in the engine. There are several solutions to avoid detonation: - install pistons in the engine with a lower compression ratio - use gasoline with a higher octane number

— reduce the ignition timing

Source: https://djago.ru/dvigatel/pervye-shagi-v-ustanovke-turbiny-na-atmosfernyj-dvigatel/

Do-it-yourself turbine installation

Equipping a car with turbocharging can be considered one of the most serious and costly types of tuning.

This operation allows you to immediately obtain a noticeable increase in engine power, which will appeal to most car enthusiasts. This is why car owners decide to install a turbocharger on their car.

The only thing that can stop a car enthusiast in such a situation is the price of the turbine itself and its installation in the car.

And if saving on the quality of spare parts (that is, a supercharger) is a rather dubious step, then installing a turbocharger on your own will help to significantly reduce the costs of this type of tuning.

Content

1 Preparatory stage 2 Installation of supercharging 3 Conclusion

Preparatory stage

Turbine appearance

Since installing a turbine is quite a responsible and labor-intensive process, we recommend thinking through all the details in advance. Experienced motorists will most likely not have any difficulties, but this cannot be said about beginners. You need to start with the main thing - choosing the turbine itself. It must be suitable (or better yet, specially produced) for a specific make and model of car.

The entire further installation process largely depends on your initial choice.

Attention! When choosing a turbocharger, you should take into account its characteristics such as boost threshold, heat generation, power and other properties. In addition, you need to remember that here, as elsewhere, you need to know when to stop - all characteristics must be balanced.

Also, before you begin directly installing a turbocharger on a car engine, you need to check (or better yet, replace) the air and oil filters, change the oil, and check the condition of all oil pipes.

It is very important that during operation of the turbine no particles of dust or dirt get into the oil lines of the supercharger.

In addition, you should check:

catalyst (if there is one) – when it is clogged, excess exhaust gases may appear in the system, which negatively affects the operation of the turbine; air filter housing - it must be sealed; crankcase ventilation and air pipes - it’s better to play it safe and wash them with gasoline.

All these checks are not a waste of time. Cracks, breaks and blockages in the lubrication, exhaust or air supply system can lead not only to the breakdown of the turbine itself, but also to a major overhaul of the entire power unit.

Turbocharging kit for VAZ car

Supercharging installation

So, if you decide to install a turbocharger yourself, you need to carry out the procedure in the following order:

To begin with, the supercharger kit you purchase should be carefully inspected for dents, cracks, and other defects.

In addition, you need to pay attention to the oil supply hole - there should be no dirt, dust or other foreign objects inside. After this, you can start filling the turbine with oil. It is very important to take a responsible approach to the choice of oil, because the performance characteristics of the supercharging largely depend on this.

Oil is poured into the hole to the very top; you can pump it with a hand pump for the best distribution inside the turbine. If you hear hissing during the process, do not be alarmed, this is normal. The event is repeated several times.

After this, all the oil must be poured out of the device. When mounting the turbine on the engine, it must be positioned in such a way that the oil can drain freely through the oil supply hole. To make installation of the turbine more convenient, it is better to dismantle the heat shield, exhaust manifold, and generator. Then you need to drain all the coolant from the system. Drain all the oil.

A hole is drilled in the motor block into which a fitting is installed on the sealant. After this, remove the oil temperature sensor. We install an adapter through which oil will be supplied to the turbine.

Next, the heat shield is returned to its place, the turbine and intake manifold are mounted. The fitting and turbine are connected with a hose, and a bypass valve is installed. At the final stage, we install the intercooler and intake piping.

8-valve VAZ engine with installed turbocharging

When the installation process is completed, you can proceed to testing the system for functionality. We remove the high-voltage wires from the cylinders and crank the engine with the starter. If the oil pressure is normal (the indicator lamp on the dashboard goes out), then the system is working normally and you can start the engine. The first time you need to let the engine run for 15 minutes at idle.

Conclusion

The running-in of an engine on which a turbine has just been installed lasts one and a half to two thousand kilometers. During this period, neither the engine nor the supercharging system should be subjected to serious loads. The pressure in the turbine should not exceed 0.5 bar.

In addition, in order for the system to serve for a long time without breakdowns, you need to very carefully monitor the condition of the oil and air filters, air ducts and oil lines.

And most importantly: before turning off the engine, let it idle for a few minutes - this will allow the turbocharger to cool.

We hope that a turbine installed by yourself will add drive and dynamics to your car, and a happy smile will not leave your face.

Source: http://asi12.ru/ustanovka-turbiny-svoimi-rukami/

Do-it-yourself turbine installation. Video, scheme of work

Before you begin installing a turbocharger, you need to clearly understand why it is needed. If it is decided to accurately and irrevocably mount the turbine, then we will now understand what it actually represents.

The operation of the turbine is based on the initial entry of exhaust gases into it, which spin the rotor blades by convection flow, which in turn is directly connected by a shaft to the compressor impeller.

As the compressor impeller spins, an additional volume of air begins to be pumped to enrich the air-fuel mixture.

Ultimately, an increased amount of working-fuel mixture is driven into the working space of the cylinder, which, upon detonation, leads to an increase in engine power and an increase in efficiency.

Installation of a turbine on the power unit begins with the installation of new oil and air filters. It is also necessary to change the oil and flush the main oil holes.

Then we remove the engine breather and clean it. Before starting installation of the turbine, it is necessary to lubricate all moving and rubbing parts in it. We carry out this procedure with a syringe through the lubrication hole.

For lubrication, use regular motor oil. Next, we think through the main points of installation, taking into account the fact that the oil line must be installed vertically.

Now you can install the supercharger on the engine.

Before purchasing a turbine, you need to understand some general principles and axioms. The engine on which the turbine is installed must run on gasoline with a high octane number.

It should be taken into account that a mechanical turbine will additionally accelerate about 3 atmospheres, and this in turn will lead to the degree of compression of the fuel in the cylinders.

Those who are planning to install a sports turbine on their car need to understand that fuel consumption will increase significantly.

By doing everything correctly to install a turbocharger, you will receive an additional supply of power and traction, and improve the overall dynamics of the car. In normal driving mode with turbocharging, fuel consumption will decrease due to less acceleration time and overcoming obstacles and slopes.

If, in addition to installing the turbine, you adjust the jets and seal the carburetor, then the power and thrust will increase even more. When choosing a turbine supercharger, be guided by the volume of your car.

It can be noted that for questions of calculation and installation, it is best to go to specialists.

Source: http://libmotor.net/polezno/ustanovka-turbiny-svoimi.html

Installation of a turbine on a VAZ-2112 16 valves: photo, video

One of the options to significantly add power and horsepower to the VAZ-2112 engine is to install a turbocharger.

Such a modification can not only make your car stand out among the gray road mass, but also seriously “press” you into the car’s seat.

However, in addition to installing turbines, experienced owners install a naturally aspirated engine or equip it with a compressor, and in this article we will figure out which is better and what modifications the entire car needs before installing such modifications.

Selecting the type of turbine

Turbine TD04L

Before proceeding with the installation of the turbine itself, anyone who decides to do this should understand the global improvements that his car will undergo. And modifications always mean money and sometimes quite a bit, because it can affect the body, brakes, suspension, and in certain cases, the gearbox (choice of gearbox oil).

But before all this, you need to decide what type of turbine you want to mount on your car. After all, its power is a direct indicator of its cost. Conventionally, turbines are divided into three types:

Low pressure turbine – up to 0.5 bar . Installing such a turbine will require minor interventions in the operation of the engine, but it will also provide power.
High pressure turbine - from 0.6 bar . The installation of such a turbine may entail global changes in the gearbox, ranging from changing the oil in the gearbox, replacing the clutch with a sports clutch and other elements and engine systems.
Ultra-high pressure turbine - in this case, the pressure of the turbine itself is not so important as the applicability of the car itself as a whole. Since the use of such a car on public roads is absolutely excluded, since the racing components of such an engine are at least uncomfortable and inconvenient in general city traffic.

Rework during turbine installation

Before proceeding with the installation of the turbine itself, some parts and elements of the engine may require modification:

Compression ratio

New elements are ready for installation.

The task of reducing the compression ratio may be to replace pistons or modify the cylinder head. Please note that when installing a low-pressure turbine, only the pistons can be modified, but for high pressure both are changed at the same time.

Exhaust system

“Spider” and “direct flow” can be installed.

The best way to solve the exhaust system is to replace the manifold and “pants” with the installation of a “spider”. Remember that such systems should only be purchased from trusted sellers, whose products are made of high-quality materials that can withstand the maximum temperatures from turbine operation.

With low-pressure turbines, after the exhaust pipe of the “pants”, everything can be left unchanged.
With a high-pressure turbine, the transition to “direct flow” is very noticeable, since the full potential of this type of turbine can be very well revealed.

Injection system

The new injector is different from the old ones.

If the pressure of the turbines is low, it is possible to replace the receiver; fortunately, their choice in modern tuning stores is very wide, but for the older brother, the fuel pump and injectors will need to be replaced with the most efficient ones.

Electronic control unit

You should read about its installation separately.

You should also read the manual about careful installation of this device.

When installing any type of turbine, mandatory firmware of the “brains” will be required. And on a turbine with a total power above 200 hp, it will also be necessary to replace the mass air flow sensor with a DBP (absolute pressure sensor - approx.

) and DTV (air temperature sensor - approx.). And this is done because the standard sensor is simply not designed for the passage of such an amount of air.

Until they are installed, it will not be possible to reflash the ECU correctly.

Lubrication

Any turbine needs lubrication and for this it is necessary to provide it with an oil supply.

This is done in various ways, either by installing a special tee in place of fixing the oil pressure sensor and then connecting a special hose to it, or by using an adapter with an outlet for the oil filter. In any case, no matter which method you choose, the oil must be drained only into the pan through a metal tube.

Cooling system

The intercooler is a small radiator instead of a bumper.

To ensure the best cooling of the engine, an antifreeze supply will be required from the general cooling system. And in order to cool the air supplied by the turbine, an intercooler must be installed.

When installing low-pressure turbines, many people mistakenly think that installing such a device is not necessary, but in the summer, the standard system simply cannot cope with its responsibilities.

Bypass valve

The valve in the photo is Blowoff.

The bypass valve is necessary to relieve excess pressure that may arise in the system when the throttle is suddenly closed.

And so that it does not break out through the rubber elements and connections and cause them to rupture, such pressure is released into the air.

There are two types of valves: Blowoff is a valve that must be installed next to the throttle valve, and Bypass is mounted between the intercooler and the air line.

Wastegate valve

The price of such a device is quite high.

The purpose of such a valve is to allow part of the exhaust gas to bypass the turbine, thereby limiting its speed and reducing its excess pressure at the inlet. They come in two types:

External ones - are installed more often on racing cars, as they have very significant dimensions, and internal ones , which are installed directly on civilian types of wastegate turbines.

High pressure turbine block

If your goal is to achieve a total power of the VAZ-2112 of more than 200 horsepower , then we will not be talking about installing a turbine to the engine, but about assembling a new engine.
In this case, instead of a stock block, it is better to install one from a Lada Kalina, since with it and with a correctly selected crankshaft you can achieve an increased volume. Pistons, connecting rods, etc. can also be replaced.
There are many options for such a design, and it all depends on how much you are willing to invest in such a modification.

Other changes

Depending on what budget and imagination you have, you can modify the engine in either direction. For example, it may be necessary to install different spark plugs, or a fuel pressure regulator, modified injectors or a fuel pump.
To install some types of turbines, a change in the design of the front bumper may be required, since there is simply not enough space to install an additional radiator.

Turbo KIT

Turbo KIT assembled.

In order not to bother with installing a certain type of turbines and equipment for them, it is possible to purchase a special Turbo KIT kit. As a rule, such a kit includes the turbine itself and everything necessary for its installation.

Nowadays, in tuning stores you can see a large selection of similar, varied kits, in which everything is done to make installation as simple as possible.

Turbine prices

It is possible to install a turbine at a service center with about 100-150 thousand rudders in your pocket . This price includes the price of the turbine and components, as well as all work on its installation.

Pros and cons of turbine, compressor and naturally aspirated engine

Let's consider all these methods of engine tuning separately.

Turbine

Under the hood of a turbocharged VAZ-2112

In recent years, the installation of turbines on cars of the VAZ family has become quite widespread. And there is nothing unexpected about this, since they are the most common, unlike mechanical inflation (compressor - approx.), because they have a number of advantages.

Firstly, the supercharger is located next to the turbine impeller and is built into the exhaust manifold, driving itself with exhaust gases.

Secondly, such an arrangement of components can significantly increase the efficiency of the entire engine, because there is no direct connection between the turbine and the crankshaft, since it does not take power from the engine itself.

Experienced auto mechanics call this the main advantage of a turbine over a compressor.

Turbine disadvantages

However, the turbine has its drawbacks, and these include “turbo lag”. This effect manifests itself in a slow response to pressing the gas pedal, and at low speeds the turbine operation will not be felt at all.

The explanation for this is very simple: in order for the engine to begin to gain power and speed, it requires time for the exhaust gas pressure to increase, which would be able to properly spin the turbine.

For exactly the same reason, a turbocharged engine is capable of producing maximum power only after 4000 rpm.

Compressor

The compressor engine starts air movement due to a special mechanical supercharger operating using a belt drive. That is, the operation and power of the engine directly depends on the number of revolutions gained and the higher they are, the higher the power.

In the design of the compressor, the air mixture with fuel is not only supplied to the cylinders under pressure, but is also capable of blowing through the exhaust and intake valves when they are not completely closed, thereby cleaning them.

Because of this design, the engine is always able to operate at full power.

Disadvantages of the compressor

A significant disadvantage of such a modification is the unreliability of the drive belts, which will one way or another break and become unusable, as well as increased fuel consumption, since the compressor is best installed on engines with a large volume, since the efficiency of interaction with them will be much higher.

Atmospheric engine

When talking about an atmospheric engine, many people think of anything but what actually exists.

The atmospheric engine is both simple and the most complex in its design.

Since the ideal fuel-air mixture is supplied to the cylinders of this engine, without any obstacles or resistance in its path.

The manifold works perfectly on this engine, the camshaft is adjusted as precisely as possible, the cylinder diameter, piston stroke, and so on are increased. And all this is done to increase the rated power of the engine.

Despite the fact that this is a seemingly ideally built engine, the advantages of which include the strictly accurate response of the gas pedal and a good reserve of power at any speed, it also has disadvantages in comparison with its turbocharged counterpart.

Cons of a naturally aspirated engine

The first disadvantage due to which you can give preference to the “turbo” is the very high fuel consumption and the high degree of wear of the internal parts of the engine.

It is also impossible for a naturally aspirated engine to more than double the stock power, whereas a turbocharged engine can increase it several times.
Heavily promoted “aspirated” engines only drive at high speeds, which has a negative effect when driving in urban conditions.

They also have a high idle threshold, which is also inconvenient for everyday use.

conclusions

Installing a turbine on VAZ-2112 engines is a very complex and responsible task. Of course, errors in its execution can lead to breakdown of both the turbine itself and the engine as a whole.

Therefore, this issue should be approached with appropriate means and a responsible approach to the matter.

Installation of turbines should be carried out in specialized workshops staffed by highly qualified specialists.

Source: http://carfrance.ru/ustanovka-turbiny-na-vaz-2112-nyuansy-i-aspekty/

Turbo VAZ - instructions for turbocharging

Instructions for installing a turbo on a VAZ. How to do all this correctly?

Through the efforts of specialists, we decided to write instructions for beginners on how to independently install a turbine on a VAZ car for dragging.

The very first and probably the most important question is where to start?

First of all, when you buy a car (especially if it’s used), I advise you to pay attention to its condition.
If you understand this or want to become better acquainted with the machine and its structure, I advise you to disassemble it to the ground. Only when we strip everything down to the body will we be able to see the scale of the problem.

The most important problem we may encounter is rust.
Most often, the bottom, fenders, and sills rust heavily. The “TV” is also a problem area for the “chisels”.

You must understand that a car made by VAZ has very thin metal, and such metal is not intended for high loads (the metal will simply tear), and rusty metal will “die” even earlier than usual, which is very dangerous for us and those around us.
Therefore, we take a welding machine, fresh iron and replace all the rotted metal with fresh metal, or we drive the car to a service station.

We replace almost all of the metal in the engine compartment with stronger iron.
Have you fixed all the metal jambs? Is the body like factory? Well done! Let's continue.

Now you need to put the car in order and make it move at least in stock.
We change the wiring, put the engine in order (or immediately change it to a “gear”), gearbox, brakes. This is our starting point in turbocharging.

If you have returned your car to its original condition, and you still have the desire to turbocharge it? Let's continue.

Which engines are easier to turbocharge?

The simplest thing is to take a VAZ 16-valve engine.
It is easy to repair and tune, and what is most important for us is that it can provide us with power suitable for motorsport without huge costs, effort and modifications to the car. A 16-valve valve is initially more powerful than any VAZ engine.

Let's look at other VAZ engines. – Old carburetor engines cannot be turbocharged. – An 8-valve injector could be suitable, but we are building a racing car and every horsepower is important to us.

– The 16-valve engine is our choice for drag!

When considering the option of an engine from a foreign car, you must understand that it will cost us quite a large sum and will also require large modifications.
The foreign engine is more complex in design than the VAZ engine, and without a specialist you are unlikely to understand it. Our choice is “shesnar”.

What is needed to build a turbo engine?

For people who want to get 200+ hp.
It is advisable to obtain a “Kalinovsky” block, since it is higher (+2.3mm). A dozen or more will do, but we are building a car for racing and every horse is a victory, so it requires a “Kalinovsky” crankshaft with a crank diameter of 75.6 mm.

We select forged pistons and machine a recess for the desired compression ratio (it is better to contact a specialist or buy in specialized stores).

Turbocharger

The small one works at low and medium speeds, but stops at high speeds, therefore the large compressor does the opposite.

TD04L – Subaru. Boost at 3k rpm. 200-250 hp
TD05 – Mitsubishi. Boost at 3k rpm. 250-300 hp
IHI VF10 is a much larger turbine than the Subarov one. 250+ hp
IHI VF22 – drag turbine. The largest of the series.
Garrett turbines are also good, but they are expensive and you need to wait until your order arrives.
There are also many Chinese turbines on our market.
The quality is weak, but the price does not bite. T3, T4 – 300+ hp

Turbo engine cooling

Everything is simple here. We need a new copper double-row radiator (2110) as it is much more productive than any VAZ radiator.

Intercooler.

A very large intercooler can cause so-called “turbo lag” problems. Turbo lag is how long we have to wait for boost pressure after we open the throttle. And the small one will not have time to cool the air.

Blow-off valve

An important part of a turbo engine, its function is to release part of the compressed air after closing the throttle valve.
Otherwise, excess pressure may break all rubber connections. There are a huge number of options on the market, from stylish ala Lamborghinis to almost homemade ones.

Westgate valve

It is needed to allow part of the compressed air to bypass the turbine to maintain a given pressure in the turbo system.
There are also a large number of executions.

Fuel system for VAZ turbo engine

The fuel system must have a return line and a fuel pressure regulator installed in the rail.
It is permissible to use an external fuel pressure regulator, but it must be connected with a vacuum hose to the throttle receiver, because In order for the injectors to overcome excess pressure in the throttle space, the pressure in the ramp must also increase.

Fuel pump .
The stock one is not suitable, its performance is too low. We take either from Volga or Walbro - 255 l/h.

Injectors .
Stock again won’t work, we need 350cc or more. DEKA 630cc injectors are suitable for us, for 200 hp engines. BOSH will also fit.

Everything is installed without any problems. You can do everything yourself (except perhaps for the firmware and configuration). If you have no time/too lazy/don’t want to tinker, then you can give everything to the service.

There are no complicated parts or connections in what we need to get, everything can be done by yourself. Spare parts for attaching to the engine are usually included with the part. And if you have to buy more, it won’t be too difficult.

Exhaust system for VAZ turbo engine

The exhaust system releases exhaust gases from the engine. This is a very important part, we don’t want to change the engine ahead of time, do we?

The temperature of the gases leaving the engine is enormous, about 900 degrees, when leaving the cylinder.
In the case of turbocharging, these exhaust gases must not only be removed, but directed to the turbine wheel for spin-up.

You've all probably heard of the "spider".
“Spider 4-2-1” is a system in which gases enter four pipes, are then collected into two, and then into one. The system is effective at medium speeds, a good choice for driving on the streets and rare “bullets” from traffic lights. “Spider 4-1” is a system where gases from 4 pipes are immediately combined into one. Effective for high speeds. Our choice.

Suspension for turbo VAZ

Suspension affects handling. Therefore, for a car that plans to overtake everyone and everywhere, it needs to be modified. I advise you to modify the suspension thinking about your own safety, because if at full speed something falls off due to old age, the car may become uncontrollable, which can lead to an accident. Let's consider suspension options.

1) Soft suspension : Pros: smooths out potholes, rides smoothly and comfortably Cons: poor maneuverability, roll when cornering, skidding.

2) Rigid suspension:

Pros: turns like a glove, maneuverability, instantly reacts to steering wheel turns.

Cons: It will be rough on the bumps!

Clutch and transmission for turbo vaz

The choice of clutch must be approached thoroughly.
The clutch must be selected taking into account the engine power and torque. The stock clutch is designed for a quiet ride! We have several options:

a) budget: basket with increased downforce (there are different options). This option firmly holds the driven disk and increases the force on the pedal (pump your legs otherwise, you will lose a split second at the start).

b) not budget: ceramics. It can withstand the stress of motorsports. Our choice.

Gearbox for turbo VAZ

A stock box is a box designed for quiet movement, standing in traffic jams and mixing dirt in the countryside. The stock box has a very short first speed, only up to 40 km/h. Short first means that we will have to waste time and torque when switching to second.

To solve this problem we must choose a range of gear ratios.
The optimal choice for turbo engines 103 series. The main pair reduces the speed transmitted from the engine to the wheels by about 4 times. The higher the gear ratio, the better the acceleration and the lower the maximum speed. Our choice is 3.7 or 3.9

Tuning a VAZ turbo engine

All this is done using a “wastegate”; the less pressure is released into the atmosphere, the greater the pressure in the system. There are several ways to adjust the pressure, the best of them is a boost controller.

You need it to set the pressure you need right from the cabin. It works simply, it prevents the safety valve on the manifold from releasing pressure, which contributes to a temporary increase in pressure.

Firmware The standard program of the control unit requires significant adjustments. A properly tuned turbo engine will be more powerful, run smoother and be less voracious in terms of oil and fuel. The most reliable option is to find a specialist in your city (or in a neighboring one) who is not doing this for the second time in his life.

You don't want to overhaul the engine every two days, do you? Therefore, firmware is a crucial moment.

What other improvements are needed?

The stock engine is not designed for racing loads, so most of the components and spare parts are replaced with more efficient and durable ones. This applies to pistons, rings, pins and connecting rods...

Also a prerequisite is the modification of the cylinder head channels; we need to make the timing system more efficient. 40% of success depends on the “head”.

We must remember that we are building a 70 hp production car into a 200+ hp race car. Stock and life-killed components are not designed for this, so you must understand that when the project is ready, there will be nothing left in the car from the stock, you will have to go through the entire car down to the bolt.

How to refuel a turbo engine?

You need 95 or 98 gasoline.
98 is preferable for those who like “gas to the floor.” 92 in no case, you will destroy the turbine ahead of schedule and without getting a decent result from the speed, since low-quality gasoline increases the combustion temperature, which negatively affects the turbine blades and the engine as a whole.

What oil to use?

The 16-valve engine has hydraulic compensators and for their best performance you need to choose synthetics. Yes, it’s not a budget, but we demand the best results from a car, right? So for this we need to give her the best.